Exact same situation for me, I upgraded my Samsung series 7 laptop to Windows 10 from Windows 7.
Unfortunately, the backlit settings could only be used through easy settings, a Samsung application which isn't compatible with Windows 10, so it means no, Windows 10 renders the backlit keyboard useless and there's no way around it unless you downgrade back to Windows 7 and install easy settings.
That being said, I think the features and fresh design of Windows 10 makes up for this.
Also, Windows 10 may well release a compatibility for the backlit keyboard