Basically you'll have to port vte.sh to tcsh. What it does is: before each prompt, it prints a certain escape sequence that contains the directory, in URI-encoded form. The escape sequence is the so-called OSC 7, e.g. \e]7;file:///home/username\a.
It seems tcsh does have a precmd (and even a cwdcmd) feature so it can be done, but unfortunately I'm not familiar with tcsh at all to quickly do it for you. I hope that you can do it for yourself with this bit of help.
Edit: The complicated part is URL-encoding. For start, you can omit this and simply echo \e]7;file://$PWD\a. It will work incorrectly for a few special characters you might probably never hit.
Edit: This one works for me as the simple (not properly URI-escaping) version:
alias precmd 'echo -n "\e]7;file://$PWD\a"'