I was able to update the WDF KinectSensor Interface 0 driver to version 2.1.1512.9000 (sorry, I didn't know what the previous version was.
This was possible after Windows installed Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1511 for x64-based Systems (KB3140743).
Stragely this also happened:
Trojan:Wind32:Varpes.J.plock!
I have no idea if any of these things are related, but I removed the trojan and all is well: