Badblocks и fsck говорят, что жесткий диск чистый, но Linux помечает его как доступный только для чтения

Я относительно новичок в Linux, поэтому я не уверен, почему это происходит.

У меня есть один диск, который Linux всегда помечает как раздел только для чтения. Сначала я думал, что это было только ОС, так что я сделал чистую установку от OpenMediaVault 2,0 до 3,0 OMV (Debian 7 и 8), я побежал как fsck -f /dev/sddи badblocksно оба они дали мне чистый статус и все же он по- прежнему заканчивается как Read- только.

У меня осталось около месяца гарантии, но я должен предоставить им веские доказательства, чтобы они ее приняли.

Я не знаю, как читать SMART-данные, но вот оно:

smartctl 6.4 2014-10-07 r4002 [x86_64-linux-4.9.0-0.bpo.2-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-14, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org  === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Western Digital Red Device Model: WDC WD20EFRX-68EUZN0 Serial Number: WD-WCC4M5LAL82H LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 20d3675a8 Firmware Version: 82.00A82 User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB] Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated) SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Mon Apr 24 12:43:14 2017 EEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled AAM feature is: Unavailable APM feature is: Unavailable Rd look-ahead is: Enabled Write cache is: Disabled ATA Security is: Disabled, frozen [SEC2] Wt Cache Reorder: Enabled  === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED  General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x80) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: (26280) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 266) minutes. Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x703d) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported.  SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 0 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 196 168 021 - 3158 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 469 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 090 090 000 - 7381 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 102 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 18 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 199 199 000 - 3042 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 113 103 000 - 34 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 100 253 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 200 200 000 - 0 ||||||_ K auto-keep |||||__ C event count ||||___ R error rate |||____ S speed/performance ||_____ O updated online |______ P prefailure warning  General Purpose Log Directory Version 1 SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support] Address Access R/W Size Description 0x00 GPL,SL R/O 1 Log Directory 0x01 SL R/O 1 Summary SMART error log 0x02 SL R/O 5 Comprehensive SMART error log 0x03 GPL R/O 6 Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log 0x06 SL R/O 1 SMART self-test log 0x07 GPL R/O 1 Extended self-test log 0x09 SL R/W 1 Selective self-test log 0x10 GPL R/O 1 SATA NCQ Queued Error log 0x11 GPL R/O 1 SATA Phy Event Counters log 0x21 GPL R/O 1 Write stream error log 0x22 GPL R/O 1 Read stream error log 0x80-0x9f GPL,SL R/W 16 Host vendor specific log 0xa0-0xa7 GPL,SL VS 16 Device vendor specific log 0xa8-0xb7 GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log 0xbd GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log 0xc0 GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log 0xc1 GPL VS 93 Device vendor specific log 0xe0 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Command/Status 0xe1 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Data Transfer  SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (6 sectors) Device Error Count: 2121 (device log contains only the most recent 24 errors) CR = Command Register FEATR = Features Register COUNT = Count (was: Sector Count) Register LBA_48 = Upper bytes of LBA High/Mid/Low Registers ] ATA-8 LH = LBA High (was: Cylinder High) Register ] LBA LM = LBA Mid (was: Cylinder Low) Register ] Register LL = LBA Low (was: Sector Number) Register ] DV = Device (was: Device/Head) Register DC = Device Control Register ER = Error register ST = Status register Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes, SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.  Error 2121 [8] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7376 hours (307 days + 8 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 40 -- 51 00 00 00 00 00 c9 b1 00 40 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00c9b100 = 13218048  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 60 00 20 00 a8 00 00 00 c9 b1 00 40 08 5d+18:07:52.428 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 00 a0 00 00 80 41 19 b0 40 08 5d+18:06:52.865 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 00 98 00 00 80 41 19 98 40 08 5d+18:06:52.865 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 00 90 00 00 80 41 17 20 40 08 5d+18:06:52.864 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 00 08 00 88 00 00 80 41 19 70 40 08 5d+18:06:52.864 READ FPDMA QUEUED  Error 2120 [7] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 40 -- 51 00 00 00 00 bb 04 fa 08 00 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0xbb04fa08 = 3137665544  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 60 00 08 00 60 00 00 bb 04 fa 08 40 08 5d+06:20:06.696 READ FPDMA QUEUED b0 00 d5 00 01 00 00 00 c2 4f 01 00 08 5d+06:19:38.449 SMART READ LOG b0 00 d5 00 01 00 00 00 c2 4f 06 00 08 5d+06:19:38.429 SMART READ LOG 61 00 08 00 38 00 00 00 00 08 00 40 08 5d+06:19:38.407 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED b0 00 d0 00 01 00 00 00 c2 4f 00 00 08 5d+06:19:38.403 SMART READ DATA  Error 2119 [6] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 00 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x74440890 = 1950615696  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 c8 00 10 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 08 5d+06:19:10.175 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED ef 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:19:10.175 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature] 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+06:19:10.175 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3] ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:19:10.175 IDENTIFY DEVICE ef 00 03 00 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:19:10.175 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]  Error 2118 [5] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 00 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x74440890 = 1950615696  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 c8 00 e8 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 08 5d+06:19:03.155 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED ef 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:19:03.155 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature] 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+06:19:03.155 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3] ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:19:03.154 IDENTIFY DEVICE ef 00 03 00 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:19:03.154 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]  Error 2117 [4] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 00 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x74440890 = 1950615696  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 c8 00 c8 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 08 5d+06:18:56.131 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED ef 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:56.131 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature] 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+06:18:56.131 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3] ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:56.131 IDENTIFY DEVICE ef 00 03 00 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:56.131 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]  Error 2116 [3] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 00 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x74440890 = 1950615696  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 c8 00 a8 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 08 5d+06:18:49.121 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED ef 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:49.120 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature] 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+06:18:49.120 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3] ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:49.120 IDENTIFY DEVICE ef 00 03 00 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:49.120 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]  Error 2115 [2] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 00 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x74440890 = 1950615696  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 c8 00 88 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 08 5d+06:18:42.106 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED ef 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:42.106 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature] 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+06:18:42.106 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3] ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:42.105 IDENTIFY DEVICE ef 00 03 00 46 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:42.105 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]  Error 2114 [1] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7364 hours (306 days + 20 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 00 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x74440890 = 1950615696  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 c8 00 78 00 00 74 44 08 90 40 08 5d+06:18:35.095 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED e5 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 5d+06:18:35.095 CHECK POWER MODE ef 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:35.088 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature] 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 08 5d+06:18:35.088 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3] ec 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a0 08 5d+06:18:35.087 IDENTIFY DEVICE  SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors) Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7378 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7354 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7330 - # 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7306 - # 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7282 - # 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7258 - # 7 Short offline Completed without error 00% 7239 - # 8 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 70% 7222 - # 9 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1135 - #10 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 1061 - #11 Extended offline Aborted by host 70% 1052 - #12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1051 - #13 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 5 -  SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.  SCT Status Version: 3 SCT Version (vendor specific): 258 (0x0102) SCT Support Level: 1 Device State: Active (0) Current Temperature: 34 Celsius Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature: 32/40 Celsius Lifetime Min/Max Temperature: 2/44 Celsius Under/Over Temperature Limit Count: 0/0 Vendor specific: 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  SCT Temperature History Version: 2 Temperature Sampling Period: 1 minute Temperature Logging Interval: 1 minute Min/Max recommended Temperature: 0/60 Celsius Min/Max Temperature Limit: -41/85 Celsius Temperature History Size (Index): 478 (229)  Index Estimated Time Temperature Celsius 230 2017-04-24 04:46 35 **************** 231 2017-04-24 04:47 35 **************** 232 2017-04-24 04:48 35 **************** 233 2017-04-24 04:49 34 *************** ... ..(152 skipped). .. *************** 386 2017-04-24 07:22 34 *************** 387 2017-04-24 07:23 35 **************** ... ..( 23 skipped). .. **************** 411 2017-04-24 07:47 35 **************** 412 2017-04-24 07:48 34 *************** ... ..( 5 skipped). .. *************** 418 2017-04-24 07:54 34 *************** 419 2017-04-24 07:55 35 **************** ... ..( 9 skipped). .. **************** 429 2017-04-24 08:05 35 **************** 430 2017-04-24 08:06 34 *************** ... ..( 98 skipped). .. *************** 51 2017-04-24 09:45 34 *************** 52 2017-04-24 09:46 35 **************** ... ..( 2 skipped). .. **************** 55 2017-04-24 09:49 35 **************** 56 2017-04-24 09:50 34 *************** ... ..( 6 skipped). .. *************** 63 2017-04-24 09:57 34 *************** 64 2017-04-24 09:58 35 **************** ... ..( 18 skipped). .. **************** 83 2017-04-24 10:17 35 **************** 84 2017-04-24 10:18 34 *************** ... ..( 11 skipped). .. *************** 96 2017-04-24 10:30 34 *************** 97 2017-04-24 10:31 35 **************** ... ..( 15 skipped). .. **************** 113 2017-04-24 10:47 35 **************** 114 2017-04-24 10:48 34 *************** ... ..( 50 skipped). .. *************** 165 2017-04-24 11:39 34 *************** 166 2017-04-24 11:40 35 **************** 167 2017-04-24 11:41 34 *************** ... ..( 53 skipped). .. *************** 221 2017-04-24 12:35 34 *************** 222 2017-04-24 12:36 35 **************** 223 2017-04-24 12:37 34 *************** 224 2017-04-24 12:38 35 **************** ... ..( 4 skipped). .. **************** 229 2017-04-24 12:43 35 ****************  SCT Error Recovery Control: Read: 70 (7.0 seconds) Write: 70 (7.0 seconds)  Device Statistics (GP/SMART Log 0x04) not supported  SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11) ID Size Value Description 0x0001 2 0 Command failed due to ICRC error 0x0002 2 0 R_ERR response for data FIS 0x0003 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS 0x0004 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS 0x0005 2 0 R_ERR response for non-data FIS 0x0006 2 0 R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS 0x0007 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS 0x0008 2 0 Device-to-host non-data FIS retries 0x0009 2 8 Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy 0x000a 2 9 Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET 0x000b 2 0 CRC errors within host-to-device FIS 0x000f 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, CRC 0x0012 2 0 R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, CRC 0x8000 4 515583 Vendor specific 

Изменить: я размонтировал и fsckснова запустился, и на этот раз я получил эту ошибку, она исправила ее, но через несколько дней снова стала доступна только для чтения. Я также использую ext4.

:/$ sudo fsck -f /dev/sdd1 fsck from util-linux 2.25.2 e2fsck 1.43.3 (04-Sep-2016) WDRED3DATABASE: recovering journal Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information Free blocks count wrong (477683699, counted=477683887). Fix<y>? yes Free inodes count wrong (121845913, counted=121845915). Fix<y>? yes WDRED3DATABASE: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** WDRED3DATABASE: 255845/122101760 files (0.1% non-contiguous), 10694498/488378385 blocks