Lets say your target IP is 8.8.8.8
On your origin host, set up a route like this:
route 8.8.8.8 mask 255.255.255.255 gateway 192.168.1.254
Where the gateway IP address is on the local network and doesn't exist (this isn't the actual command, use the syntax dependent on the route tool you use).
Then add an arp entry:
arp -s 192.168.1.254 11:22:33:44:55:66
Now any packets from the host destined for 8.8.8.8 will be sent to this mac address, and go nowhere.
Now you can intercept the packet, do your modification, but also modify the destination MAC to be your router MAC so that it goes out correctly. Reply packets will automatically go to the server.