Не запускать диспетчер очистки дискового пространства во время работы?

You say you have "couple bad sectors on my SSD". This is what the Crucial article My SSD has bad sectors has to say :

Question

My SSD has a lot of bad sectors. Do I need to replace it?

Answer

With a traditional hard drive, that is often the case, but with an SSD things are a bit different. Due to the nature of flash technology it's normal to have a small number of bad sectors on an SSD, and as long as the number of bad sectors remains constant there is no reason for concern.

The easiest way to keep track of the number of bad sectors on an SSD is to run ChkDsk.

If the number of bad sectors remains the same, all is well.

I would keep an eye on this SSD, before a catastrophic error occurs, and ensure having good backups at all times.

Since sfc /scannow was unable to complete, it seems that your Windows installation has suffered some damage. I would therefore counsel :

1. In registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\VolumeCac‌​hes, see if you have an item named StateFlags00n. These flags control the execution of cleanmgr. If you do, export a copy of the key and delete this item(s). Reboot to be sure it is effective.
   If this does not help or the flag is absent, continue on in this list.
2. Run chkdsk to flag all bad sectors
3. Do a Repair Install of Windows. This in-place upgrade install will fix your currently installed Windows 8 without losing anything. Use a recent enough version of Windows 8 installation media.
4. If Repair Install fails, you would need to reset or refresh Windows, which would unfortunately mean losing data and installed applications.

Before taking the last two steps, just in case you end up by destroying your setup, take an image backup and do not place it on the system drive. Use for example AOMEI Backupper System Backup (and have it verify the backup). Create first a Windows PE & Linux Bootable Disc. Try the boot disc/usb before starting, to verify that it can detect both the system disk and the backup file.

Диспетчер очистки дискового пространства имеет две задачи автозапуска.

1: SilentCleanup (который вы уже отключили из планировщика задач)

2: StartComponentCleanup

Чтобы отключить StartComponentCleanup, перейдите к Task Schedulerи затем перейдите к \Microsoft\Windows\Servicing. Теперь вы можете отключить удаление этой задачи по своему желанию.

PS: Я бы предложил вам удалить эти автозапускающиеся задачи. Их можно запускать вручную, когда это необходимо, используя Disk Cleanupутилиту или выполнив эту команду от имени администратора.

DISM.exe /online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup