Почему не работает принудительная смена MAC-адреса (Raspberry Pi)?

Я работаю с Raspberry Pi Zeros в подсети. Я купил внешние адаптеры Ethernet для каждого из них, чтобы соединить их друг с другом. К сожалению, все эти сетевые адаптеры поставляются с одинаковыми MAC-адресами, что делает связь между Pis практически невозможной.

Из-за этого я попытался принудительно изменить MAC-адреса, отредактировав /etc/systemd/network/00-default.linkкаждый Pi Zero в соответствии с шагами, описанными в этом посте . В конечном итоге я использовал следующий код:

[Match] MACAddress=00:e0:4c:53:44:58  [Link] MACAddress=10:00:00:00:00:11 

Обратите внимание, что я использовал новый MAC-адрес для каждого Pi

К сожалению, после перезапуска всех моих нулей Pi ни один из MAC-адресов не обновился до новых назначенных значений. Когда я проверяю, ifconfigвсе они остались прежними. Что я делаю неправильно?

Дополнительная информация:

ip neighbor show дает следующий результат:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ip neighbor show 192.168.2.37 dev wlan0 lladdr ac:bc:32:87:93:39 DELAY 192.168.3.12 dev enxb827eb9c0ecf lladdr 00:e0:4c:53:44:58 STALE 192.168.3.10 dev enxb827eb9c0ecf lladdr 00:e0:4c:53:44:58 STALE 192.168.3.11 dev enxb827eb9c0ecf lladdr 00:e0:4c:53:44:58 STALE 192.168.2.1 dev wlan0 lladdr 40:c7:29:4e:4d:f8 STALE 

ifconfig показывает:

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.3.12 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.3.255 inet6 fe80::4db4:2630:6df9:2aeb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:e0:4c:53:44:58 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 144 bytes 11482 (11.2 KiB) RX errors 1 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 133 bytes 17886 (17.4 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0  lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 

Я также установил статический IP /etc/dhcpcd.confследующим образом:

interface eth0 static ip_address=192.168.3.12 

lsusb дает выход:

Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0fe6:9700 Kontron (Industrial Computer Source / ICS Advent) DM9601 Fast Ethernet Adapter Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub 

dmesg дает выход:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ dmesg [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.34+ (dc4@dc4-XPS13-9333) (gcc version 4.9.3 (crosstool-NG crosstool-ng-1.22.0-88-g8460611)) #1110 Mon Apr 16 14:51:42 BST 2018 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv6-compatible processor [410fb767] revision 7 (ARMv7), cr=00c5387d [ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT nonaliasing instruction cache [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: Raspberry Pi Zero Rev 1.3 [ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] cma: Reserved 8 MiB at 0x17400000 [ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 98304 [ 0.000000] free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat c09be368, node_mem_map d7c8a400 [ 0.000000] Normal zone: 864 pages used for memmap [ 0.000000] Normal zone: 0 pages reserved [ 0.000000] Normal zone: 98304 pages, LIFO batch:31 [ 0.000000] random: fast init done [ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768 [ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0  [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 97440 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: bcm2708_fb.fbwidth=656 bcm2708_fb.fbheight=416 bcm2708_fb.fbswap=1 vc_mem.mem_base=0x1ec00000 vc_mem.mem_size=0x20000000 dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyAMA0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=89bc1db8-02 rootfstype=ext4 elevator=deadline fsck.repair=yes rootwait quiet splash plymouth.ignore-serial-consoles [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Memory: 370308K/393216K available (6415K kernel code, 587K rwdata, 1984K rodata, 440K init, 677K bss, 14716K reserved, 8192K cma-reserved) [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB) vmalloc : 0xd8800000 - 0xff800000 ( 624 MB) lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd8000000 ( 384 MB) modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000 ( 16 MB) .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc064c188 (6417 kB) .init : 0xc08c8000 - 0xc0936000 ( 440 kB) .data : 0xc0936000 - 0xc09c8d10 ( 588 kB) .bss : 0xc09ce65c - 0xc0a77ba4 ( 678 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] ftrace: allocating 24081 entries in 71 pages [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16 [ 0.000029] sched_clock: 32 bits at 1000kHz, resolution 1000ns, wraps every 2147483647500ns [ 0.000059] clocksource: timer: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 1911260446275 ns [ 0.000144] bcm2835: system timer (irq = 27) [ 0.000696] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000722] console [tty1] enabled [ 0.000756] Calibrating delay loop... 697.95 BogoMIPS (lpj=3489792) [ 0.060295] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.060783] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.060802] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.062076] Disabling memory control group subsystem [ 0.062236] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.063310] Setting up static identity map for 0x8200 - 0x8238 [ 0.064507] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.074273] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 1 part 20 variant b rev 5 [ 0.074648] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns [ 0.074676] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes) [ 0.075995] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem [ 0.077312] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.080259] DMA: preallocated 1024 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations [ 0.086650] hw-breakpoint: found 6 breakpoint and 1 watchpoint registers. [ 0.086666] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 4 bytes. [ 0.086788] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver [ 0.089479] bcm2835-mbox 2000b880.mailbox: mailbox enabled [ 0.128920] bcm2835-dma 20007000.dma: DMA legacy API manager at d880d000, dmachans=0x1 [ 0.131193] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.131424] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.131522] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.131723] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.140800] raspberrypi-firmware soc:firmware: Attached to firmware from 2018-04-16 18:21 [ 0.142844] clocksource: Switched to clocksource timer [ 0.227945] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 [ 0.228066] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.228352] FS-Cache: Loaded [ 0.228672] CacheFiles: Loaded [ 0.245507] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.246680] TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.246766] TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.246860] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) [ 0.247011] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.247040] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.247387] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.248079] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. [ 0.248090] RPC: Registered udp transport module. [ 0.248095] RPC: Registered tcp transport module. [ 0.248100] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. [ 0.250051] hw perfevents: no irqs for PMU, sampling events not supported [ 0.250120] hw perfevents: enabled with armv6_1176 PMU driver, 3 counters available [ 0.253895] workingset: timestamp_bits=14 max_order=17 bucket_order=3 [ 0.265615] FS-Cache: Netfs 'nfs' registered for caching [ 0.266895] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type [ 0.266969] Key type id_resolver registered [ 0.266977] Key type id_legacy registered [ 0.267001] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering... [ 0.271488] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251) [ 0.271891] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.271903] io scheduler deadline registered (default) [ 0.272429] io scheduler cfq registered [ 0.272443] io scheduler mq-deadline registered [ 0.272450] io scheduler kyber registered [ 0.274823] BCM2708FB: allocated DMA memory 57500000 [ 0.274884] BCM2708FB: allocated DMA channel 0 @ d880d000 [ 0.282914] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 82x26 [ 0.290733] bcm2835-rng 20104000.rng: hwrng registered [ 0.290954] vc-mem: phys_addr:0x00000000 mem_base=0x1ec00000 mem_size:0x20000000(512 MiB) [ 0.291937] vc-sm: Videocore shared memory driver [ 0.292521] gpiomem-bcm2835 20200000.gpiomem: Initialised: Registers at 0x20200000 [ 0.311056] brd: module loaded [ 0.323056] loop: module loaded [ 0.323077] Loading iSCSI transport class v2.0-870. [ 0.323951] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc95xx [ 0.323983] dwc_otg: version 3.00a 10-AUG-2012 (platform bus) [ 0.552425] Core Release: 2.80a [ 0.552443] Setting default values for core params [ 0.552481] Finished setting default values for core params [ 0.752794] Using Buffer DMA mode [ 0.752807] Periodic Transfer Interrupt Enhancement - disabled [ 0.752813] Multiprocessor Interrupt Enhancement - disabled [ 0.752824] OTG VER PARAM: 0, OTG VER FLAG: 0 [ 0.752959] Dedicated Tx FIFOs mode [ 0.753813] WARN::dwc_otg_hcd_init:1046: FIQ DMA bounce buffers: virt = 0xd7514000 dma = 0x57514000 len=9024 [ 0.753842] FIQ FSM acceleration enabled for : Non-periodic Split Transactions Periodic Split Transactions High-Speed Isochronous Endpoints Interrupt/Control Split Transaction hack enabled [ 0.753853] dwc_otg: Microframe scheduler enabled [ 0.754022] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:459: FIQ on core 0 at 0xc049913c [ 0.754036] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:460: FIQ ASM at 0xc0499418 length 36 [ 0.754064] WARN::hcd_init_fiq:486: MPHI regs_base at 0xd88a5000 [ 0.754145] dwc_otg 20980000.usb: DWC OTG Controller [ 0.754209] dwc_otg 20980000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 [ 0.754284] dwc_otg 20980000.usb: irq 56, io mem 0x00000000 [ 0.754338] Init: Port Power? op_state=1 [ 0.754344] Init: Power Port (0) [ 0.754746] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002 [ 0.754763] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 [ 0.754773] usb usb1: Product: DWC OTG Controller [ 0.754783] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 4.14.34+ dwc_otg_hcd [ 0.754792] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 20980000.usb [ 0.755841] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 0.755929] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected [ 0.756906] dwc_otg: FIQ enabled [ 0.756918] dwc_otg: NAK holdoff enabled [ 0.756925] dwc_otg: FIQ split-transaction FSM enabled [ 0.756943] Module dwc_common_port init [ 0.757431] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 0.757870] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice [ 0.757928] IR NEC protocol handler initialized [ 0.757937] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized [ 0.757942] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized [ 0.757947] IR JVC protocol handler initialized [ 0.757952] IR Sony protocol handler initialized [ 0.757957] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized [ 0.757962] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized [ 0.757967] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized [ 0.757971] IR XMP protocol handler initialized [ 0.759220] bcm2835-wdt 20100000.watchdog: Broadcom BCM2835 watchdog timer [ 0.759743] bcm2835-cpufreq: min=700000 max=1000000 [ 0.760330] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver [ 0.760340] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman [ 0.760952] sdhost-bcm2835 20202000.mmc: could not get clk, deferring probe [ 0.761148] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper [ 0.761864] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs [ 0.762047] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina [ 0.762299] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 0.762307] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 0.763320] vchiq: vchiq_init_state: slot_zero = d7580000, is_master = 0 [ 0.765220] [vc_sm_connected_init]: start [ 0.774617] [vc_sm_connected_init]: end - returning 0 [ 0.775556] Initializing XFRM netlink socket [ 0.775621] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 0.775780] Key type dns_resolver registered [ 0.777575] registered taskstats version 1 [ 0.785666] uart-pl011 20201000.serial: cts_event_workaround enabled [ 0.785796] 20201000.serial: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x20201000 (irq = 81, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev2 [ 0.785895] console [ttyAMA0] enabled [ 0.789187] sdhost: log_buf @ d7513000 (57513000) [ 0.862919] mmc0: sdhost-bcm2835 loaded - DMA enabled (>1) [ 0.864171] of_cfs_init [ 0.864320] of_cfs_init: OK [ 0.865457] Waiting for root device PARTUUID=89bc1db8-02... [ 0.940799] mmc0: host does not support reading read-only switch, assuming write-enable [ 0.942767] mmc0: Problem switching card into high-speed mode! [ 0.943354] mmc0: new SDHC card at address 0001 [ 0.944140] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 SD16G 7.41 GiB (quirks 0x80000000) [ 0.947065] mmcblk0: p1 p2 [ 0.973489] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 0.973596] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) readonly on device 179:2. [ 0.974137] Indeed it is in host mode hprt0 = 00021501 [ 1.049913] devtmpfs: mounted [ 1.052380] Freeing unused kernel memory: 440K [ 1.052389] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection. [ 1.182950] usb 1-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using dwc_otg [ 1.183259] Indeed it is in host mode hprt0 = 00021501 [ 1.424142] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0fe6, idProduct=9700 [ 1.424164] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=2, SerialNumber=0 [ 1.424175] usb 1-1: Product: USB 2.0 10/100M Ethernet Adaptor [ 2.009745] systemd[1]: System time before build time, advancing clock. [ 2.275793] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 2.277891] Segment Routing with IPv6 [ 2.299784] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team [ 2.352077] systemd[1]: systemd 232 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN) [ 2.353490] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm. [ 2.356390] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <raspberrypi>. [ 2.710763] uart-pl011 20201000.serial: no DMA platform data [ 3.764873] systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point. [ 3.766038] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket. [ 3.766790] systemd[1]: Listening on fsck to fsckd communication Socket. [ 3.804670] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch. [ 3.805743] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket. [ 3.807729] systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice. [ 3.814051] systemd[1]: Mounting RPC Pipe File System... [ 4.008481] i2c /dev entries driver [ 6.022129] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. Opts: (null) [ 6.654041] systemd-journald[80]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1 [ 9.630719] snd_bcm2835: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned. [ 9.703900] bcm2835_alsa bcm2835_alsa: card created with 8 channels [ 10.945104] dm9601 1-1:1.0 eth0: register 'dm9601' at usb-20980000.usb-1, Davicom DM96xx USB 10/100 Ethernet, 00:e0:4c:53:44:58 [ 10.949769] usbcore: registered new interface driver dm9601 [ 10.971385] usbcore: registered new interface driver sr9700 [ 16.499971] enc28j60 spi0.0: enc28j60 Ethernet driver 1.02 loaded [ 16.537004] enc28j60 spi0.0: enc28j60 chip not found [ 16.537113] enc28j60: probe of spi0.0 failed with error -5 [ 17.189760] dm9601 1-1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xFFFF [ 17.236312] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 17.240649] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready [ 17.276623] dm9601 1-1:1.0 eth0: kevent 4 may have been dropped [ 17.284604] dm9601 1-1:1.0 eth0: kevent 4 may have been dropped [ 17.312928] dm9601 1-1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xFFFF [ 17.411699] dm9601 1-1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xFFFF [ 19.120593] random: crng init done [ 19.977363] Adding 102396k swap on /var/swap. Priority:-2 extents:1 across:102396k SSFS [ 28.390600] usb 1-1: unexpected tiny rx frame [ 31.630396] fuse init (API version 7.26)