Youtube videos may be differently encoded for different qualities, so it would be interesting to know if the problem occurs, for example, on the best quality (720p) as well as on the worst (144p). (Return the setting to the highest or auto after testing.)
I have downloaded both videos linked in your post and have compared their attributes. Both are encoded in MPEG-4 with the same resolution of 1280x720 (since I used the 720p setting).
The main difference is that the problematic video is encoded with a higher bit-rate of 1268 kb/s, while the other one is of lower bit-rate of 707 kb/s. Confusedly, this is inverted in frame rate : 25 FPS versus 30.
My guess is therefore that Chrome on your computer has for some reason a problem with a too-high bit-rate.
You should first check if hardware acceleration is enabled in Chrome, as this passes most of the graphical tasks to the GPU. Try to toggle it on or off to see if that makes a difference.
See the article : How to Turn Hardware Acceleration On and Off in Chrome.
If that does not help, check if Chrome uses the CPU while playing the video. Using much above the 1-2% of CPU would indicate that it fails on your computer to use the GPU for this video and falls back to the CPU, which is slower and may cause problems.