Can you rephrase your question? You're saying you already did aptitude install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r` so why are you trying to install build-essential again anyway? Did something go wrong the first time? Did something go wrong when executing that command?
A lot of that seems to be because it's wanting to install up to date versions of the compiler etc. but you currently have older versions of libraries. Try updating everything first (note that if the kernel version changes you'll have to install the newer kernel-headers, also.