Я пытаюсь подключиться к серверу с помощью WinSCP и аутентифицируюсь с помощью закрытого ключа. Это прекрасно работает, если я использую Putty, но тот же ключ отказывается, когда я пробую его с WinSCP.
Единственное, что я сделал, - это введите IP-адрес сервера и путь к ключу в обоих графических интерфейсах. [править] Имя пользователя - «Ubuntu», и, прочитав ключ, сервер каким-то образом узнает, кто я и к какой виртуальной машине подключиться. С putty я должен ввести имя пользователя, а с WinSCP я могу либо определить его заранее, либо ввести его (я пробовал оба).
Я предоставляю обеим программам один и тот же путь к ключу в формате .ppk.
Вот журнал WinSCP:
. 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 WinSCP Version 5.9.5 (Build 7441) (OS 10.0.14393 - Windows 10 Education) . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 Configuration: HKCU\Software\Martin Prikryl\WinSCP 2\ . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 Log level: Normal . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 Local account: DESKTOP-SJM9N7Q\Maxim Ott . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 Working directory: C:\Program Files (x86)\WinSCP . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.592 Process ID: 5464 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Command-line: "C:\Program Files (x86)\WinSCP\WinSCP.exe" . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Time zone: Current: GMT+2, Standard: GMT+1 (Mitteleuropäische Zeit), DST: GMT+2 (Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit), DST Start: 26.03.2017, DST End: 29.10.2017 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Login time: Mittwoch, 17. Mai 2017 14:31:16 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Session name: BWcloud (Site) . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Host name: 134.60.51.55 (Port: 22) . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 User name: ubuntu (Password: No, Key file: Yes, Passphrase: No) . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Tunnel: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Transfer Protocol: SFTP (SCP) . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Ping type: Off, Ping interval: 30 sec; Timeout: 15 sec . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Disable Nagle: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Proxy: None . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Send buffer: 262144 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 SSH protocol version: 2; Compression: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Bypass authentication: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Try agent: Yes; Agent forwarding: Yes; TIS/CryptoCard: No; KI: Yes; GSSAPI: Yes . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 GSSAPI: Forwarding: Yes . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 Ciphers: aes,chacha20,blowfish,3des,WARN,arcfour,des; Ssh2DES: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.593 KEX: ecdh,dh-gex-sha1,dh-group14-sha1,rsa,WARN,dh-group1-sha1 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 SSH Bugs: Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto,Auto . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Simple channel: Yes . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Return code variable: Autodetect; Lookup user groups: Auto . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Shell: default . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 EOL: LF, UTF: Auto . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Clear aliases: Yes, Unset nat.vars: Yes, Resolve symlinks: Yes; Follow directory symlinks: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 LS: ls -la, Ign LS warn: Yes, Scp1 Comp: No . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 SFTP Bugs: Auto,Auto . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 SFTP Server: default . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Local directory: default, Remote directory: home, Update: Yes, Cache: Yes . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Cache directory changes: Yes, Permanent: Yes . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 Recycle bin: Delete to: No, Overwritten to: No, Bin path: . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 DST mode: Unix . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.594 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.652 Looking up host "134.60.51.55" for SSH connection . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.653 Connecting to 134.60.51.55 port 22 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.654 We claim version: SSH-2.0-WinSCP_release_5.9.5 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.705 Server version: SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2.3 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.705 We believe remote version has SSH-2 channel request bug . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.705 Using SSH protocol version 2 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.706 Have a known host key of type ssh-ed25519 . 2017-05-17 14:31:16.706 Doing ECDH key exchange with curve Curve25519 and hash SHA-256 . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.141 Server also has ecdsa-sha2-nistp256/ssh-dss/ssh-rsa host keys, but we don't know any of them . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.142 Host key fingerprint is: . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.142 ssh-ed25519 256 a2:45:9b:45:ad:68:ea:8a:0b:05:11:ba:35:90:fe:05 . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.142 Verifying host key ssh-ed25519 0x6641e29b54243c7f e2e3014a0c1e45e7 b94017d3c85a3c01 8fdefc62d9b8f8a8 ,0x2255cb2a9d0411d5 36a6ac88c8c4c1ae 5915495f9c173e86 80f4da883f7c5ef6 with fingerprint ssh-ed25519 256 a2:45:9b:45:ad:68:ea:8a:0b:05:11:ba:35:90:fe:05 . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.163 Host key does not match cached key 0x62233d6170d863d8 a7a81e45359c7ec8 b69ad50d6f17e557 b2fe0dd00daa8a7,0x4b98045184945b41 d62f352537b498b4 f527fee1247b451c 22d3e75d00b98db6 . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.163 Host key matches cached key . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.163 Initialised AES-256 SDCTR client->server encryption . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.163 Initialised HMAC-SHA-256 client->server MAC algorithm . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.163 Initialised AES-256 SDCTR server->client encryption . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.163 Initialised HMAC-SHA-256 server->client MAC algorithm . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.201 Reading key file "C:\Program Files\PuTTY\bwcloud.ppk" ! 2017-05-17 14:31:17.201 Using username "ubuntu". . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.219 Server offered these authentication methods: publickey . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.219 Offered public key ! 2017-05-17 14:31:17.221 Server refused our key . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.271 Server refused our key . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.271 Server offered these authentication methods: publickey . 2017-05-17 14:31:17.271 Disconnected: No supported authentication methods available (server sent: publickey) * 2017-05-17 14:31:17.329 (EFatal) Disconnected: No supported authentication methods available (server sent: publickey) * 2017-05-17 14:31:17.329 Anmeldungsprotokoll (Siehe Sitzungsprotokoll für Details): * 2017-05-17 14:31:17.330 Verwende Benutzername "ubuntu". * 2017-05-17 14:31:17.330 Der entfernte Rechner lehnte unseren Schlüssel ab. * 2017-05-17 14:31:17.330 * 2017-05-17 14:31:17.330 Anmeldung fehlgeschlagen. [edit] Вот файл журнала Putty, когда я успешно захожу:
=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~= PuTTY log 2017.05.17 17:04:17 =~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~=~= login as: ubuntu Authenticating with public key "imported-openssh-key" Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-75-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/ Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest: http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud 111 packages can be updated. 0 updates are security updates. *** System restart required *** Last login: Wed May 17 15:03:36 2017 from 134.60.66.119 ]0;ubuntu@maxim: ~ubuntu@maxim:~$ Это то, что я вижу на сервере. Как мне узнать, к какому файлу журнала получить доступ, как мне его искать? Снимок экрана с содержимым папки на сервере
Вот журнал событий Putty: Журнал событий (я не могу скопировать из него что-нибудь из пасты, извините!)
Я открыл файлы auth.log и auth.log.1, но там время сдвинуто на два часа. Тем не менее, я думаю, что ничего не сохраняется здесь, когда я пытаюсь соединиться с WinSCP. Вот последние строки. Я подключился с помощью putty, затем попытался пару раз с WinSCP, а затем снова открыл файл журнала:
May 18 08:04:57 maxim sshd[27705]: Accepted publickey for ubuntu from 134.60.66.119 port 61014 ssh2: RSA SHA256:BKLucrkY+1+Gdk+Nxu4dB4YlyiF4Np22h/1wmmfkRm4 May 18 08:04:57 maxim sshd[27705]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user ubuntu by (uid=0) May 18 08:04:57 maxim systemd: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session opened for user ubuntu by (uid=0) May 18 08:04:57 maxim systemd-logind[651]: New session 430 of user ubuntu. May 18 08:05:01 maxim CRON[27791]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0) May 18 08:05:01 maxim CRON[27791]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root May 18 08:14:19 maxim sshd[27705]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user ubuntu May 18 08:14:19 maxim systemd-logind[651]: Removed session 430. May 18 08:15:01 maxim CRON[27824]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0) May 18 08:15:01 maxim CRON[27824]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root May 18 08:17:01 maxim CRON[27829]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0) May 18 08:17:01 maxim CRON[27829]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root May 18 08:23:50 maxim sshd[27839]: Accepted publickey for ubuntu from 134.60.66.119 port 63162 ssh2: RSA SHA256:BKLucrkY+1+Gdk+Nxu4dB4YlyiF4Np22h/1wmmfkRm4 May 18 08:23:50 maxim sshd[27839]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user ubuntu by (uid=0) May 18 08:23:50 maxim systemd-logind[651]: New session 434 of user ubuntu. May 18 08:23:50 maxim systemd: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session opened for user ubuntu by (uid=0) May 18 08:25:01 maxim CRON[27898]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0) May 18 08:25:01 maxim CRON[27898]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root Большое спасибо всем за предложения!
Есть идеи, что мне делать дальше? Я просто хочу иметь возможность загружать некоторые файлы: /
You’re not connecting to the same host. Putty connects to 134.60.51.57 while WinSCP connects to 134.60.51.55.
Furthermore, they really are different hosts as the SSH host key is different:
ssh-ed25519 256 2e:d6:11:b3:…ssh-ed25519 256 a2:45:9b:45:…! 2017-05-17 14:31:17.221 Server refused our key
. 2017-05-17 14:31:17.271 Server refused our key
Well, ask the server. Check out /var/log/*auth*log on the server.
If you don't have access to those files, consider asking a person who does.
Make absolute sure you're using the same key. I suggest connecting from the command line, and specifying the command line, to help make sure. (Use -i to specify which key to use; if memory serves me correctly at the moment, then that is the same for PuTTY and WinSCP.) Show us the command lines used.
When it works with PuTTY, you're logging in with the username of ubuntu?