Новый ноутбук с жестким диском и странным отчетом SMART о Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS

Я купил новый заводской ноутбук HP Omen 15-ce084no, который поставляется с Windows 10. Он имеет 256 ГБ SSD и 1 ТБ механический диск. Проверив, что все работает в Windows, я избавился от него и установил Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS с ядром Linux 4.10 на SSD и установил механический диск в качестве хранилища данных. Я был счастлив (и удивлен), что абсолютно все, в том числе Wi-Fi, графическая карта и клавиатура с подсветкой, работали "из коробки" на Ubuntu. После установки проприетарных драйверов мой ноутбук был готов к серьезному использованию.

Однако при настройке я заметил, что диск объемом 1 ТБ издает тихий щелчок каждую секунду во время работы Ubuntu. Он не делал этого в Windows 10, я в этом уверен, и он этого не делает, например, при доступе к настройкам BIOS. Он начинает щелкать примерно через 30 секунд после загрузки Ubuntu, и вам не нужно входить в систему как пользователь. Он также щелкает, когда на экране входа в систему lightdm или во время Ctrl+ Alt+ F1на терминале.

Я немного погуглил и обнаружил много подобных кликов в Linux, решения которых основывались на проблемах парковки и энергосбережения, таких как настройки hdparmнастроек. Никто из них не работал на моем ноутбуке, и щелчок продолжается. Я запустил smartctl -aдиск и заметил ненормальные значения для предположительно нового диска (Power-Off_Retract_Count = 524296). Кроме того, звук щелчка, хотя и мягкий, очень раздражает, и я не выношу его, даже если он не был опасен для диска.

Может ли кто-нибудь просмотреть сообщения ниже и ответить на эти вопросы для меня:

1. Как эти значения возможны на новом жестком диске?
2. Неисправен ли жесткий диск и нужно ли его заменить?
3. Может ли Ubuntu / Linux вызвать его и так быстро уничтожить жесткий диск (примерно за 31 час работы)?

4. Если причиной является Ubuntu / Linux, существует ли программное решение проблемы, кроме предложенного по этим ссылкам, ни одна из которых не работает:

   • https://petermolnar.net/hard-drive-spindown-clicking-noise/
   • http://www.computercorrect.com/2011/operating-systems/linux/ubuntu/fix-for-constant-hard-drive-clicking-in-ubuntu/
   • http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Problem_with_hard_drive_clicking
   • http://www.forumubuntusoftware.info/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=9317
   • https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=139575
   • Новый жесткий диск ноутбука щелкает
   • https://askubuntu.com/questions/596408/hdd-makes-tick-noise-every-second

Вот вывод smartctl -aс некоторыми удаленными частями идентификатора:

smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.10.0-40-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org  === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: HGST Travelstar 7K1000 Device Model: HGST HTS721010A9E630 Serial Number: JR10XXXXXXXXXX LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca XXXXXXXXX Firmware Version: JB0OA3T0 User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB] Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm Form Factor: 2.5 inches Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6 SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Thu Nov 30 20:03:48 2017 EET SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled  === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED  General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine  completed without error or no self-test has ever  been run. Total time to complete Offline  data collection: ( 45) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine  recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 160) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported.  SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 062 Pre-fail Always - 0 2 Throughput_Performance 0x0025 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0023 121 100 033 Pre-fail Always - 2 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 32 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002f 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0 8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0025 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 31 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0033 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 31 183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0033 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 076 053 045 Old_age Always - 24 (Min/Max 24/24) 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 8 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 524296 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 237 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0036 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 223 Load_Retry_Count 0x002a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0  SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged  SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 3 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 -  SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. 

Теперь сравните этот вывод с диском моего 5-летнего ноутбука, на котором Ubuntu 16.04 LTS работает около 1,5 лет, а Windows 7 до этого:

smartctl 6.5 2016-01-24 r4214 [x86_64-linux-4.4.0-101-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org  === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Hitachi Travelstar 5K500.B Device Model: Hitachi HTS545025B9A300 Serial Number: 1007XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca XXXXXXXXX Firmware Version: PB2OC64G User Capacity: 250,059,350,016 bytes [250 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm Form Factor: 2.5 inches Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6 SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s Local Time is: Thu Nov 30 19:58:27 2017 EET SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled  === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED  General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine  completed without error or no self-test has ever  been run. Total time to complete Offline  data collection: ( 645) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine  recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 83) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported.  SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 062 Pre-fail Always - 0 2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 201 201 033 Pre-fail Always - 1 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 7777 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0 8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 048 048 000 Old_age Always - 23080 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 7763 191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 136 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 083 083 000 Old_age Always - 171510 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 144 144 000 Old_age Always - 38 (Min/Max 16/50) 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 223 Load_Retry_Count 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0  SMART Error Log Version: 1 ATA Error Count: 2 CR = Command Register [HEX] FR = Features Register [HEX] SC = Sector Count Register [HEX] SN = Sector Number Register [HEX] CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX] CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX] DH = Device/Head Register [HEX] DC = Device Command Register [HEX] ER = Error register [HEX] ST = Status register [HEX] Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes, SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.  Error 2 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 14089 hours (587 days + 1 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or  idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 52 f9 d9 f8 e0 Error: UNC 82 sectors at LBA = 0x00f8d9f9 = 16308729  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 25 00 7f cc d9 f8 e0 00 00:00:18.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f 4d d9 f8 e0 00 00:00:18.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f ce d8 f8 e0 00 00:00:18.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f 4f d8 f8 e0 00 00:00:18.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f d0 d7 f8 e0 00 00:00:18.800 READ DMA EXT  Error 1 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 14089 hours (587 days + 1 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or  idle.  After command completion occurred, registers were: ER ST SC SN CL CH DH -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40 51 52 f9 d9 f8 e0 Error: UNC 82 sectors at LBA = 0x00f8d9f9 = 16308729  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 25 00 7f cc d9 f8 e0 00 00:00:39.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f 4d d9 f8 e0 00 00:00:39.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f ce d8 f8 e0 00 00:00:39.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f 4f d8 f8 e0 00 00:00:39.800 READ DMA EXT 25 00 7f d0 d7 f8 e0 00 00:00:39.800 READ DMA EXT  SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]  SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.