This can be done easily via SMB.
Assuming you have a Windows 7/8 laptop, you can share a folder by right clicking the folder -> select properties -> change to the Sharing tab -> click "Share". Make the folder available to the LAN. It can be visible to "Everyone" (Anonymous) or to specific users on your network if they are set up.
On the Android side, you can use an application like ES File Explorer that supports SMB network shares. Change view to LAN. Select New Server. For the server you use the IP Address or Computer Name of the laptop along with the name of the shared folder. Example "192.168.1.100/My Documents"
You may have to supply the credentials that you use to log in to the computer if you chose to only make the folder available to specific user accounts.
Files can be transferred from the Android interface in both directions this way.
The instructions vary slightly with different Operating Systems and applications.