You seem to have tried a lot of solutions already, so I do not know exactly whether this is new to you or not. At any rate, I faced a similar problem with the same exact error code. My notes of the time say say that I solved this problem by installing the developer's version of the library, libsqlite3-dev.
With time, I have discovered that this is kind of a good empirical rule: when something fails, and you think you have all the relevant packages, the failure is due to the lack of the -dev library package.
Should this not be enough, how about running an strace? Perhaps this might add some helpful info.